In which situation would an open differential be most effective?

An open differential operates by allowing the wheels on an axle to rotate at different speeds, which is particularly useful when both wheels have equal traction. In this scenario, both wheels receive power equally, which promotes balanced operation. This characteristic is ideal for straight-line driving where traction is consistent across both wheels.

When surfaces are even and both wheels grip equally, the open differential provides smooth handling and efficient power distribution. This is critical for everyday driving conditions, such as on highways or in moderate weather, where uniform traction is common. In contrast, situations involving slippery surfaces, high-speed cornering, or uneven terrain can lead to one wheel spinning more than the other, reducing overall effectiveness and control. Hence, an open differential thrives best when both wheels can adequately grip the same surface, allowing the vehicle to maintain optimal performance and stability.